Bình thường chúng ta sẽ hay dùng câu lệnh: tracert -d <IP>
C:\Users\ThangTran>tracert -d 35.94.124.235
Tracing route to 35.94.124.235 over a maximum of 30 hops
1 <1 ms <1 ms <1 ms 10.40.50.1
2 1 ms 1 ms 1 ms 203.205.57.105
3 34 ms 34 ms 34 ms 183.91.12.157
4 37 ms 37 ms 36 ms 175.100.193.233
5 34 ms 34 ms 34 ms 120.29.216.33
6 189 ms 189 ms 189 ms 180.87.168.58
7 183 ms 185 ms 184 ms 180.87.168.114
8 84 ms 84 ms 84 ms 116.0.67.83
9 * * * Request timed out.
10 * * * Request timed out.
11 193 ms 190 ms 193 ms 63.243.251.1
12 194 ms 194 ms 194 ms 64.86.123.26
13 * * * Request timed out.
14 * * * Request timed out.
15 * * * Request timed out.
16 * * * Request timed out.
17 * * * Request timed out.
18 * * * Request timed out.
19 * * * Request timed out.
20 * * * Request timed out.
21 * * * Request timed out.
22 * * * Request timed out.
23 * * * Request timed out.
24 * * * Request timed out.
25 * * * Request timed out.
26 * * * Request timed out.
27 * * * Request timed out.
28 * * * Request timed out.
29 * * * Request timed out.
30 * * * Request timed out.
Trace complete.
C:\Users\ThangTran>tracert -d 35.94.124.235
Tracing route to 35.94.124.235 over a maximum of 30 hops
1 <1 ms <1 ms <1 ms 10.40.50.1
2 1 ms 1 ms 1 ms 203.205.57.105
3 34 ms 34 ms 34 ms 183.91.12.157
4 37 ms 37 ms 36 ms 175.100.193.233
5 34 ms 34 ms 34 ms 120.29.216.33
6 189 ms 189 ms 189 ms 180.87.168.58
7 183 ms 185 ms 184 ms 180.87.168.114
8 84 ms 84 ms 84 ms 116.0.67.83
9 * * * Request timed out.
10 * * * Request timed out.
11 193 ms 190 ms 193 ms 63.243.251.1
12 194 ms 194 ms 194 ms 64.86.123.26
13 * * * Request timed out.
14 * * * Request timed out.
15 * * * Request timed out.
16 * * * Request timed out.
17 * * * Request timed out.
18 * * * Request timed out.
19 * * * Request timed out.
20 * * * Request timed out.
21 * * * Request timed out.
22 * * * Request timed out.
23 * * * Request timed out.
24 * * * Request timed out.
25 * * * Request timed out.
26 * * * Request timed out.
27 * * * Request timed out.
28 * * * Request timed out.
29 * * * Request timed out.
30 * * * Request timed out.
Trace complete.
C:\Users\ThangTran>tracert -d 35.94.124.235 Tracing route to 35.94.124.235 over a maximum of 30 hops 1 <1 ms <1 ms <1 ms 10.40.50.1 2 1 ms 1 ms 1 ms 203.205.57.105 3 34 ms 34 ms 34 ms 183.91.12.157 4 37 ms 37 ms 36 ms 175.100.193.233 5 34 ms 34 ms 34 ms 120.29.216.33 6 189 ms 189 ms 189 ms 180.87.168.58 7 183 ms 185 ms 184 ms 180.87.168.114 8 84 ms 84 ms 84 ms 116.0.67.83 9 * * * Request timed out. 10 * * * Request timed out. 11 193 ms 190 ms 193 ms 63.243.251.1 12 194 ms 194 ms 194 ms 64.86.123.26 13 * * * Request timed out. 14 * * * Request timed out. 15 * * * Request timed out. 16 * * * Request timed out. 17 * * * Request timed out. 18 * * * Request timed out. 19 * * * Request timed out. 20 * * * Request timed out. 21 * * * Request timed out. 22 * * * Request timed out. 23 * * * Request timed out. 24 * * * Request timed out. 25 * * * Request timed out. 26 * * * Request timed out. 27 * * * Request timed out. 28 * * * Request timed out. 29 * * * Request timed out. 30 * * * Request timed out. Trace complete.
Nếu các router chặn gói ICMP thì bạn sẽ nhận về timeout như kết qua bên trên.
Nên mình tự hỏi có thể trace bằng gói TCP không nhỉ thì có nhé.
https://github.com/0xcafed00d/tracetcp

Click to download và sau đó bạn giải nén ra nhé.
https://github.com/0xcafed00d/tracetcp/releases/tag/v1.0.3
Bạn có thể gặp error nếu bạn chưa cài winpcap
http://www.winpcap.org/
C:\Users\ThangTran>tracetcp.exe 35.94.xxx.xxx:443
Tracing route to 35.94.xxx.xxx [ec2-35-94-xxx-xxx.us-west-2.compute.amazonaws.com] on port 443
Over a maximum of 30 hops.
1 1 ms 1 ms 0 ms 10.40.50.1
2 9 ms 3 ms 3 ms 203.205.57.105 [static.cmcti.vn]
3 39 ms 38 ms 36 ms 183.91.12.157 [static.cmcti.vn]
4 43 ms 38 ms 43 ms 175.100.193.233
5 * 37 ms 37 ms 120.29.216.33 [ix-hge-0-0-0-2-730.ecore1.hk2-hongkong.as6453.net]
6 192 ms 191 ms 191 ms 180.87.168.58 [if-bundle-8-2.qcore1.hk2-hongkong.as6453.net]
7 * * * Request timed out.
8 92 ms 96 ms 87 ms 116.0.67.34 [if-et-16-2.hcore1.kv8-chiba.as6453.net]
9 * * * Request timed out.
10 * * * Request timed out.
11 205 ms 192 ms 196 ms 63.243.251.1 [if-ae-0-2.tcore1.sv1-santaclara.as6453.net]
12 190 ms 193 ms 186 ms 64.86.123.94 [if-ae-20-2.tcore1.00s-seattle.as6453.net]
13 * * * Request timed out.
14 * 193 ms * 108.166.228.51
15 Destination Reached in 183 ms. Connection established to 35.94.124.235
Trace Complete.
C:\Users\ThangTran>tracetcp.exe 35.94.xxx.xxx:443
Tracing route to 35.94.xxx.xxx [ec2-35-94-xxx-xxx.us-west-2.compute.amazonaws.com] on port 443
Over a maximum of 30 hops.
1 1 ms 1 ms 0 ms 10.40.50.1
2 9 ms 3 ms 3 ms 203.205.57.105 [static.cmcti.vn]
3 39 ms 38 ms 36 ms 183.91.12.157 [static.cmcti.vn]
4 43 ms 38 ms 43 ms 175.100.193.233
5 * 37 ms 37 ms 120.29.216.33 [ix-hge-0-0-0-2-730.ecore1.hk2-hongkong.as6453.net]
6 192 ms 191 ms 191 ms 180.87.168.58 [if-bundle-8-2.qcore1.hk2-hongkong.as6453.net]
7 * * * Request timed out.
8 92 ms 96 ms 87 ms 116.0.67.34 [if-et-16-2.hcore1.kv8-chiba.as6453.net]
9 * * * Request timed out.
10 * * * Request timed out.
11 205 ms 192 ms 196 ms 63.243.251.1 [if-ae-0-2.tcore1.sv1-santaclara.as6453.net]
12 190 ms 193 ms 186 ms 64.86.123.94 [if-ae-20-2.tcore1.00s-seattle.as6453.net]
13 * * * Request timed out.
14 * 193 ms * 108.166.228.51
15 Destination Reached in 183 ms. Connection established to 35.94.124.235
Trace Complete.
C:\Users\ThangTran>tracetcp.exe 35.94.xxx.xxx:443 Tracing route to 35.94.xxx.xxx [ec2-35-94-xxx-xxx.us-west-2.compute.amazonaws.com] on port 443 Over a maximum of 30 hops. 1 1 ms 1 ms 0 ms 10.40.50.1 2 9 ms 3 ms 3 ms 203.205.57.105 [static.cmcti.vn] 3 39 ms 38 ms 36 ms 183.91.12.157 [static.cmcti.vn] 4 43 ms 38 ms 43 ms 175.100.193.233 5 * 37 ms 37 ms 120.29.216.33 [ix-hge-0-0-0-2-730.ecore1.hk2-hongkong.as6453.net] 6 192 ms 191 ms 191 ms 180.87.168.58 [if-bundle-8-2.qcore1.hk2-hongkong.as6453.net] 7 * * * Request timed out. 8 92 ms 96 ms 87 ms 116.0.67.34 [if-et-16-2.hcore1.kv8-chiba.as6453.net] 9 * * * Request timed out. 10 * * * Request timed out. 11 205 ms 192 ms 196 ms 63.243.251.1 [if-ae-0-2.tcore1.sv1-santaclara.as6453.net] 12 190 ms 193 ms 186 ms 64.86.123.94 [if-ae-20-2.tcore1.00s-seattle.as6453.net] 13 * * * Request timed out. 14 * 193 ms * 108.166.228.51 15 Destination Reached in 183 ms. Connection established to 35.94.124.235 Trace Complete.
Ngoài ra mình còn thấy tác giả code thêm tcp mà bằng golang.
https://github.com/0xcafed00d/tracetcp-go
Bạn có thể tìm hiểu thêm.